- Understand the limitations of contemporary literature as discussed by Ruskin.
- Identify the criteria for readers to engage with the thoughts of great authors.
- Recognize the challenges in comprehending the works of good authors.
- Emphasize the importance of accuracy in reading and understanding texts.
What is a Good Book?
CBSE Learning Objectives – Key Concepts & Skills You Must Know
CBSE Revision Notes & Quick Summary for Last-Minute Study
What is a Good Book?
Suggested Reading
- Sesame and Lilies by John Ruskin
- Seven Lamps of Architecture by John Ruskin
Understanding the Text
- Limitations of the Good Book: What are the limitations of the good book of the hour according to Ruskin?
- Criteria for Readers: What criteria does Ruskin believe readers should fulfill to be fit for the company of the Dead?
- Painstaking Task: Why does Ruskin consider reading the work of a good author a painstaking task?
- Emphasis on Accuracy: What emphasis does Ruskin place on accuracy?
Talking About the Text
- Discuss in pairs:
- Ruskin's insistence on looking intensely at words and assuring oneself of meaning, syllable by syllable, letter by letter.
- The crucial role of diction in the communication of meaning.
Appreciation
- Text Features: Identify features that fit the speech mode in the excerpt from Sesame and Lilies, which consists of two essays written for public lectures in 1864.
- Shifts in Style: Discuss the shifts in style and diction that differentiate the language used in 1864 from today.
Language Work
- Rhetorical Style: Analyze how starting many sentences and paragraphs with 'And' contributes to the rhetorical style of the lecture.
- Balanced Sentences: Study the balance in the following sentences and find others in the text that reflect this:
- a. "It is right that a false Latin quantity should excite a smile in the House of Commons; but it is wrong that a false English meaning should not excite a frown there."
- b. "Let the accent of words be watched, by all means, but let the meaning be watched more closely still, and fewer will do the work."
About the Author
John Ruskin (1819-1900): A powerful and influential critic of the nineteenth century, he wrote on various subjects including nature, art, architecture, politics, and history. His work is characterized by clarity of vision. His notable volumes include Modern Painters (1843), Unto this Last (1862), and Sesame and Lilies (1871). His ideas on architecture are presented in The Seven Lamps of Architecture (1849) and The Stones of Venice (1853).
CBSE Exam Tips, Important Questions & Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Common Mistakes in Exam Preparation
- Misunderstanding the Author's Intent: Students often read to find their own opinions reflected rather than seeking to understand the author's perspective.
- Tip: Approach the text with the mindset of discovering new ideas, asking yourself how the author's thoughts differ from your own.
- Neglecting the Importance of Accuracy: Many students overlook the significance of precise language and meaning in texts.
- Tip: Focus on understanding each word and its implications, as this will enhance your comprehension of the overall message.
- Overlooking the Structure of Arguments: Students may fail to recognize the balance and structure within sentences, which can lead to misinterpretation.
- Tip: Pay attention to the construction of sentences and how they relate to the main argument, identifying patterns that contribute to the author's message.
- Rushing Through Reading: Many students skim texts without fully engaging with the material, missing critical insights.
- Tip: Take your time to read carefully, ensuring you grasp the nuances of the language and the depth of the arguments presented.
- Failing to Connect Ideas: Students often read excerpts in isolation, not connecting them to broader themes or contexts.
- Tip: Relate the ideas in the text to other readings or concepts you have studied to deepen your understanding.
- Misunderstanding the Author's Intent: Students often read to find their own opinions reflected rather than seeking to understand the author's perspective.
CBSE Quiz & Practice Test – MCQs, True/False Questions with Solutions
Multiple Choice Questions
A.
Reading quickly and efficiently
B.
Looking intensely at words and assuring oneself of their meaning
C.
Discussing the book with others
D.
Reading multiple books by the same author
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin advises that one must look intensely at words and assure oneself of their meaning, syllable by syllable, to truly understand a good author's work.
A.
To multiply the author's voice
B.
To preserve the author's thoughts
C.
To entertain readers
D.
To communicate with friends
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written to preserve the author's thoughts, not just to multiply their voice.
A.
To communicate with as many people as possible.
B.
To preserve the author's voice and thoughts.
C.
To entertain and amuse readers.
D.
To provide factual information.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin states that a book is written not to multiply the voice merely, but to preserve it.
A.
Reading the book multiple times.
B.
Possessing a vast vocabulary.
C.
Understanding the author's meaning, syllable by syllable.
D.
Discussing the book with others.
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin insists on looking intensely at words and assuring oneself of their meaning, syllable by syllable, to truly appreciate the wisdom in a good book.
A.
By finding one's own thoughts expressed by the author
B.
By seeking to understand the author's unique perspective
C.
By reading it quickly to grasp the main ideas
D.
By comparing it with other books
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin believes that one should approach a book by a wise author with the intention of understanding the author's unique perspective, not merely to find one's own thoughts expressed.
A.
Ambition is essential for understanding books
B.
Ambition is scorned by the greatest books
C.
Ambition helps in choosing the right books
D.
Ambition is irrelevant to reading
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin suggests that ambition is of no use when it comes to reading good books, as they scorn ambition and require a true desire to learn.
A.
The number of languages they know
B.
The precision in their use of language
C.
Their ability to read many books
D.
Their social status
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that the difference lies in the accuracy and precision with which educated individuals use language.
A.
Using them as replacements for true books
B.
Reading them too quickly
C.
Not discussing them with peers
D.
Ignoring their entertainment value
Correct Answer: A
Solution:
Ruskin warns against allowing books of the hour to usurp the place of true books, emphasizing their temporary nature compared to the permanence of true literature.
A.
A ranking system for books.
B.
A hierarchy of words based on their origin and usage.
C.
A list of words commonly used in literature.
D.
A collection of words used in legal documents.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin refers to the 'peerage of words' as a hierarchy where words are distinguished by their descent and usage, akin to a social hierarchy.
A.
To make their writings more mysterious
B.
To ensure readers truly want to understand them
C.
To confuse readers
D.
To make their work seem more valuable
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin suggests that wise men hide their deeper thoughts to ensure that readers truly desire to understand and deserve the knowledge.
A.
To preserve the author's voice for future generations.
B.
To entertain and amuse the reader.
C.
To provide immediate communication like a letter.
D.
To serve as a daily newspaper.
Correct Answer: A
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a 'good book' is written for permanence and to preserve the author's insights, not just for immediate communication.
A.
Wealth and social status
B.
Labor and merit
C.
Fame and recognition
D.
Artistic talent
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin states that the 'court of the past' is open only to labor and merit, emphasizing that no wealth or name can grant entry.
A.
To preserve the author's voice permanently
B.
To multiply the author's voice
C.
To entertain the reader
D.
To convey the author's emotions
Correct Answer: A
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written not merely to multiply or convey the author's voice, but to preserve it permanently.
A.
Reading quickly and superficially
B.
Using one's own interpretation
C.
Looking intensely at words and their meanings
D.
Relying on summaries
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin advises readers to look intensely at words, understanding them syllable by syllable to grasp the author's true meaning.
A.
The number of languages they know.
B.
The precision with which they know and pronounce words.
C.
Their ability to write books.
D.
Their social status.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin argues that the difference lies in the accuracy with which educated individuals understand and pronounce words.
A.
A leisurely walk in the park.
B.
A miner searching for gold.
C.
A chef preparing a gourmet meal.
D.
A musician composing a symphony.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin uses the analogy of a miner searching for gold to describe the effort required to understand a good book, emphasizing the need for hard work and patience.
A.
Because it is written in a foreign language
B.
Because the author hides deeper thoughts in parables
C.
Because it is lengthy and complex
D.
Because it requires memorization
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin states that authors often hide their deeper thoughts in parables to ensure that readers truly seek to understand them.
A.
A gardener tending to plants
B.
An artist painting a masterpiece
C.
A miner extracting gold
D.
A chef preparing a meal
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin uses the analogy of a miner extracting gold to describe the effort required to understand a good book, emphasizing the need for tools and hard work.
A.
Because authors often use complex vocabulary.
B.
Because authors hide their deeper thoughts in parables.
C.
Because authors write in ancient languages.
D.
Because authors do not want their work to be widely read.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin states that wise authors hide their deeper thoughts in parables, ensuring that only those who truly seek it can access their wisdom.
A.
It is open to anyone with wealth
B.
It is determined by one's social status
C.
It is open to those who labor and merit it
D.
It is exclusive to scholars
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin explains that the 'aristocracy of companionship' in the court of the past is open to those who labor and merit it, not by wealth or social status.
A.
It is easy to read and understand
B.
It requires effort and tools to uncover its meaning
C.
It is written for entertainment
D.
It is a collection of facts
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin compares understanding a good book to mining for gold, requiring tools such as care, wit, and learning.
A.
As an effortless and quick endeavor
B.
As a laborious process requiring tools and patience
C.
As a casual activity for leisure time
D.
As an intuitive understanding without effort
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin compares the process to mining, requiring tools like care, wit, and learning, as well as patience to extract wisdom from a good book.
A.
Knowing many languages.
B.
Reading a large number of books.
C.
Knowing precisely whatever language he knows.
D.
Being able to write books.
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin notes that a well-educated gentleman knows precisely whatever language he knows.
A.
A book that is timeless and eternal
B.
A book that provides useful or pleasant talk
C.
A book that is difficult to understand
D.
A book that is only for scholars
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin describes the 'good book of the hour' as one that provides useful or pleasant talk, similar to a conversation with a friend.
A.
It is less important than creativity.
B.
It should be insisted upon for serious purposes.
C.
It is only important in formal settings.
D.
It is the responsibility of the speaker alone.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that accuracy in language should be required for serious purposes, not just for formality.
A.
A book that is timeless and universally relevant
B.
A book that is useful or pleasant for the moment
C.
A book that is only for entertainment
D.
A book that is meant for academic study
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin describes 'the good book of the hour' as useful or pleasant talk, similar to a friend's conversation, but not meant to replace true books.
A.
A good book is written for permanence, not just communication.
B.
A good book is written to entertain the masses.
C.
A good book is written to multiply the author's voice.
D.
A good book is written to convey the author's emotions.
Correct Answer: A
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a good book is not merely for communication but is written with the intent of permanence, preserving the author's insights and truths.
A.
To multiply the voice of the author.
B.
To preserve the author's true and useful insights.
C.
To entertain the reader with stories.
D.
To provide a platform for debate.
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written not merely to multiply the author's voice but to preserve his insights that he perceives as true and useful.
A.
Because the author's thoughts are often hidden and require effort to understand.
B.
Because the language used is outdated.
C.
Because the books are lengthy and difficult to obtain.
D.
Because the author's writing style is complex.
Correct Answer: A
Solution:
Ruskin suggests that good authors often hide their deeper thoughts, requiring readers to work to uncover them.
A.
Because they can be easily misunderstood
B.
Because they can do deadly work if not watched
C.
Because they are often mispronounced
D.
Because they are difficult to learn
Correct Answer: B
Solution:
Ruskin warns that words, if not watched, can do deadly work, emphasizing the importance of understanding their true meaning.
A.
Words that are commonly used
B.
Words that are difficult to pronounce
C.
Words of noble and ancient origin
D.
Words that are newly invented
Correct Answer: C
Solution:
Ruskin refers to 'the peerage of words' as knowing the words of true descent and ancient blood, distinguishing them from modern words.
True or False
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written to preserve the author's insights and knowledge, not merely to multiply their voice.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is not merely for communication but for permanence, to preserve the author's insights.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin notes that authors often hide their deeper thoughts, requiring effort and merit from the reader to uncover them.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin argues that the best wisdom is not easily accessible and requires effort and understanding to be truly grasped.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written to preserve the author's insights and knowledge, not just to multiply their voice for communication purposes.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin stresses that while pronunciation is important, understanding the meaning of words is even more crucial.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin compares the effort needed to understand a good book to the painstaking work of mining for gold, emphasizing the need for careful reading.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin argues that whatever bit of a wise man's work is honestly and benevolently done, that bit is his book, or his piece of art.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin states that a book is essentially a written thing, not with the view of more communication, but of permanence.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin compares the effort needed to understand a good book to the painstaking work of mining for gold.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin argues that true education comes from reading with accuracy and understanding, not just from the quantity of books read.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin states that a book is written not primarily for communication but for permanence, to preserve the author's voice.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin notes that wise authors often hide their deeper thoughts, requiring readers to work to uncover them.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin compares understanding a good book to mining for gold, requiring tools like care, wit, and learning.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin states that an uneducated person may know many languages by memory and talk them all, yet truly not know a word of any.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin insists on the importance of accuracy in language, stating that a few well-chosen words are more effective than many used incorrectly.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin points out that knowing many languages by memory does not equate to true literacy if one does not understand the words.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that readers should strive to understand the author's meaning, not to find their own expressed by the author.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin argues that one can know many languages by memory and still not truly understand them, indicating that true education requires deeper comprehension.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin distinguishes between 'books of the hour,' which are like letters or newspapers, and true books, which have lasting value.
Correct Answer: True
Solution:
Ruskin emphasizes that a book is written not just to communicate but to preserve the author's true and useful insights.
Correct Answer: False
Solution:
Ruskin differentiates between books of the hour, which are like letters or newspapers, and true books, which have lasting value.