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Class 11 Science (PCM)

English

Father to Son

Father to Son

Action PlanNotesQuestionsMock-Test
Study Action Plan (Sorted by Difficulty)
Formal Letter Structure
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Difficulty Level:
High
Full-Block Style in Letter Writing
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Difficulty Level:
High
Informal Letter Flexibility
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Job Application and Resume Writing
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High

Learning Objectives

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Learning Objectives for Letter Writing

  • Understand the importance of letter writing as a communication tool.
  • Identify the two main types of letters: formal and informal.
  • Recognize the basic structure and components of formal letters.
  • Apply the appropriate tone and style based on the recipient and purpose of the letter.
  • Develop skills to write concise and complete messages in letters.
  • Learn the correct format for both formal and informal letters.
  • Practice writing letters for various purposes, including job applications and personal correspondence.

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Revision Notes & Summary

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Letter Writing

Letter-writing is an important channel of communication between people who are geographically distant from one another. In earlier times when the telephone and e-mail were not available, the only means of communication between people was through letters.

Types of Letters

  • Formal Letters: Written to convey official business and information.
  • Informal Letters: Personal letters to communicate with friends and family.

Structure of Formal Letters

  1. Introduction:
    • Introducing oneself if it is the first time you are writing.
    • Referring to an earlier letter if you are responding to it.
  2. Purpose: Stating the purpose of the letter.
  3. Action/Information Required:
    • Stating action/information required from the addressee.
    • Explaining action taken/supplying information.
  4. Urging Action:
    • Urging action to be taken.
    • Offering assistance in future.

Key Points to Consider

  • Purpose
  • Person to whom it is addressed
  • Tone to adopt
  • Completeness of the message
  • Action required
  • Conciseness of expression

Format of Formal Letters

  1. Name and address of sender
  2. Name and address of addressee
  3. Date
  4. Salutation (e.g., Dear Sir/Madam)
  5. Reference to previous correspondence
  6. Content of letter (arranged in paragraphs)
  7. Complimentary close and signature

Salutation Examples

  • Dear Sir/Madam
  • Dear Mr/Ms/Dr + Surname
  • Dear [First Name] (for semi-formal relationships)

Ending a Letter

  • Use 'Yours sincerely' if addressed by name.
  • Use 'Yours faithfully' if beginning with 'Dear Sir/Madam'.

Informal Letters

  • Format is flexible; may just include the city and date.
  • Example:
    • Hyderabad
      12 November 2005
      Dear Sujata,
      Bye,
      Yours affectionately/With love/All the best/Take care etc.

Job Application Example

  • Your Name and Address
  • Date
  • The Manager
  • Company Name
  • Dear Sir,
  • Content of application
  • Regards,
  • Yours truly,
  • Signature

Curriculum Vitae Format

ExaminationBoard/UniversitySubjects
S.S.C
Diploma in
Degree in
Experience: (Begin from employment)
Skills:
Languages known:
Hobbies and Interests:
Achievements:
References: (names of people in positions like your school Principal who can certify your character and conduct)
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Practice Test – MCQs, True/False

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Multiple Choice Questions

A.

Formal letters use a flexible format, while informal letters have a strict format.

B.

Informal letters often include a subject line, while formal letters do not.

C.

Formal letters are typically concise and structured, while informal letters have a flexible format.

D.

Informal letters are usually typed, while formal letters are handwritten.
Correct Answer: C

Solution:

Formal letters are typically concise and structured, whereas informal letters have a flexible format.

A.

Dear Sir/Madam

B.

Dear Dr. Sinha

C.

Dear Sujata

D.

Hello Friend
Correct Answer: A

Solution:

The salutation 'Dear Sir/Madam' is used in formal letters when the writer does not know the recipient personally.

A.

Dear Sir/Madam

B.

Dear Mr/Ms/Dr/Professor + Surname

C.

Dear Sujata

D.

To whom it may concern
Correct Answer: C

Solution:

In a semi-formal relationship where the writer knows the addressee personally, it is appropriate to use the addressee's first name, such as 'Dear Sujata'.

A.

Name and address of sender

B.

Date

C.

A poem

D.

Complimentary close and signature
Correct Answer: C

Solution:

A poem is not a typical component of a formal letter.

A.

Salutation

B.

Postscript

C.

Footnotes

D.

Bibliography
Correct Answer: A

Solution:

A formal letter typically includes a salutation as part of its structure.

A.

A personal anecdote unrelated to the topic

B.

A detailed description of the writer's qualifications

C.

A clear expression of the writer's views on the topic

D.

A request for a job application
Correct Answer: C

Solution:

When writing a letter to the editor, it is crucial to clearly express the writer's views on the topic being addressed, as this is the main purpose of such letters.

A.

To provide a summary of the letter's content

B.

To greet the recipient

C.

To list the sender's qualifications

D.

To include the sender's contact information
Correct Answer: A

Solution:

The subject line in a formal letter provides a quick reference to the subject of the letter.

A.

To provide a summary of the letter's content

B.

To greet the addressee

C.

To include the sender's contact information

D.

To offer assistance in future correspondence
Correct Answer: A

Solution:

The primary purpose of a subject line in a formal letter is to provide a quick reference to the subject of the letter, summarizing its content.

A.

Yours sincerely

B.

With best wishes

C.

See you soon

D.

Yours truly
Correct Answer: C

Solution:

"See you soon" is informal and not typically used in formal letters.

A.

To communicate with friends and family

B.

To convey official business and information

C.

To express personal feelings

D.

To write poetry
Correct Answer: B

Solution:

Formal letters are written to convey official business and information.
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Father to Son

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True or False

Correct Answer: True

Solution:

Letters to the editor of a newspaper are formal letters as they are written to convey information or opinions to a public body.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

A letter to the editor of a newspaper is considered a formal letter.

Correct Answer: True

Solution:

Formal letters end with a complimentary close such as 'Yours sincerely' followed by the writer's signature.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

While formal letters often include a reference to previous correspondence, it is not mandatory if there hasn't been any prior communication.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

Informal letters have a flexible format, allowing for personal touches and variations.

Correct Answer: True

Solution:

Informal letters, such as personal letters, have a flexible format and do not require a strict structure like formal letters.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

Most official letters carry a subject line just above the salutation for quick reference to the subject.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

Informal letters have a flexible format and may not require the sender's address.

Correct Answer: False

Solution:

Formal letters are written to convey official business and information, not personal messages to friends and family.

Correct Answer: True

Solution:

Before the invention of the telephone and e-mail, letters were the primary means of communication between people who were geographically distant.
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