Learning Objectives
- Understand the concept of the Cartesian product of sets, including ordered pairs, equality of ordered pairs, and the properties of Cartesian products such as , , , and the cardinality . Interpret and .
- Define and represent relations as subsets of using roster, set-builder, and arrow diagram forms. Identify the domain, range, codomain, image, and calculate the number of possible relations as .
- Characterize functions as a special type of relation where each element in the domain is associated with exactly one element in the codomain. Represent functions as mappings and identify their domain, codomain, and range.
- Perform operations on functions including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, defined pointwise for functions sharing the same domain.
- Analyze polynomial functions defined by expressions of the form , where is a non-negative integer and coefficients are real numbers.
- Examine rational functions as ratios of two polynomial functions, ensuring the denominator is non-zero.
- Explore the modulus function, which outputs the absolute value of a number, and the signum function, which indicates the sign of a number with outputs of -1, 0, or 1.
- Interpret the greatest integer function, denoted , which returns the greatest integer less than or equal to , resulting in a step-like graph.
- Determine the domain and range of real-valued functions from formulas, tables, ordered pairs, and graphs, including restrictions from square roots and denominators.
- Evaluate whether a relation is a function using ordered pairs, arrow diagrams, domain coverage, and the "one and only one image" condition.