Learning Objectives
- Understand the reactivity of metals with oxygen, water, and acids, focusing on the formation and properties of metal oxides, including amphoteric behavior.
- Calculate and predict the formation of ionic compounds through electron transfer, exemplified by sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, and analyze their properties such as high melting points and electrical conductivity.
- Explore metal extraction techniques from ores, including reduction, electrolysis, and refining methods like electrolytic refining, based on the reactivity of metals.
- Analyze displacement reactions to determine metal reactivity and establish the reactivity series of metals.
- Investigate the mechanisms of corrosion in metals, particularly iron, and evaluate methods to prevent it, such as galvanization and alloying.
- Examine how alloying alters metal properties and its applications, with examples like stainless steel and brass.
- Study the physical properties of metals and non-metals, including lustre, malleability, ductility, sonority, conductivity, and hardness, noting exceptions.
- Investigate the reactions of metals with cold water, hot water, steam, and dilute acids, including the evolution of hydrogen gas.
- Analyze the properties of ionic compounds, focusing on hardness, brittleness, melting point, solubility, and electrical conductivity.