• Understand the moral dilemmas faced by Dr. Sadao in his role as a doctor versus his national loyalty.
• Analyze the reasons behind Hana's sympathy towards the enemy soldier despite societal pressures.
• Explore the psychological factors influencing the soldier's reluctance to leave the safety of Dr. Sadao's home.
• Discuss the General's attitude towards the enemy soldier and its implications on duty and patriotism.
• Reflect on the broader themes of humanity and prejudice in wartime contexts.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of Dr. Sadao's final decision regarding the enemy soldier.

Notes on 'The Enemy' by Pearl S. Buck

Overview

• Setting: During World War II, a Japanese doctor, Dr. Sadao Hoki, faces a moral dilemma when he finds an American prisoner of war washed ashore.
• Main Conflict: The struggle between professional duty as a doctor and national loyalty as a Japanese citizen.

Characters

• Dr. Sadao Hoki: A skilled surgeon educated in America, torn between his duty to save a life and his loyalty to his country.
• Hana: Sadao's wife, who supports him but is also influenced by societal pressures regarding the enemy soldier.
• The American Soldier: A wounded enemy soldier who becomes the focus of Sadao's moral conflict.
• The General: Represents the military and nationalistic views, expecting Sadao to act in accordance with patriotism.

Themes

• Moral Dilemma: Sadao's internal conflict about saving the enemy soldier versus his duty to his country.
• Prejudice and Loyalty: The story explores the prejudices faced by Sadao as a Japanese man in America and the expectations of loyalty during wartime.
• Humanity vs. Nationalism: The tension between personal ethics and societal expectations.

Key Moments

• Sadao's Decision: Despite his initial reluctance, Sadao chooses to operate on the American soldier, highlighting his commitment to his medical oath.
• Hana's Support: Hana's empathy towards the soldier contrasts with the views of their domestic staff, showcasing differing perspectives on loyalty and humanity.
• The General's Hypocrisy: The General's self-absorption and lack of true patriotism reveal the complexities of loyalty in wartime.

Questions for Discussion

1. What does the story suggest about the nature of mercy in times of conflict?
2. How do Sadao and Hana's experiences in America shape their views on the American soldier?
3. In what ways does the story challenge the notion of enemy versus ally?
4. How does societal pressure influence the characters' decisions?

Conclusion

• The story ultimately raises questions about the nature of duty, the impact of war on personal relationships, and the capacity for compassion in the face of prejudice.