Learning Objectives

• Observe visual elements around them and visually record them in a journal.
• Identify and apply visual principles in artworks.
• Use a variety of materials for journaling.
• Exhibit artworks and confidently share ideas, feelings, and processes.
• Cooperate and contribute in decision-making processes.
• Address stereotypes while thinking about and making the artwork.
• Carefully use, clean, and store art materials in an organized way.
• Discuss art and its connection with everyday experiences.
• Use art terminology while discussing or writing about artwork.

Chapter 15: Elements and Principles of Visual Art and Design

Learning Outcomes

• Observes visual elements around them and visually records them in a journal.
• Identifies and applies visual principles in artworks.
• Uses a variety of materials for journaling.
• Exhibits artworks and confidently shares ideas, feelings, and processes.
• Cooperates and contributes in decision-making processes.
• Addresses stereotypes while thinking about and making the artwork.
• Carefully uses, cleans, and stores art materials in an organized way.
• Discusses art and its connection with everyday experiences.
• Uses art terminology while discussing or writing about artwork.

Elements of Visual Art and Design

1. Point: A dot; the smallest element in any visual.
2. Line: The visible path that joins any two points; can be horizontal, vertical, diagonal, dashed, wavy, zig-zagged, etc.
3. Shape and Form:
   • Shape: A flat, two-dimensional area enclosed by a line (geometric or organic).
   • Form: A three-dimensional shape that occupies space and has depth.
4. Texture: Can be visual or physical; sensed by touch or perceived visually through patterns.
5. Colour: Visible when light is reflected and perceived by our eyes; can be natural or synthetic.
6. Value (Tone): The lightness or darkness of a colour; created by adding white (tints) or black (shades).
7. Space: The organization of various elements to create an artwork; can be positive or negative space.

Principles of Visual Art and Design

1. Unity and Harmony: Created by bringing elements together in a pleasing way.
2. Balance: Gives visual stability; can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
3. Rhythm and Movement: Guides our eyes through pattern and repetition.
4. Emphasis: Making one visual element stand out.
5. Proportion: The relationship between sizes of different visual elements.
6. Hierarchy: The order of importance in a visual.

Activities

• Activity 15.1: Identify the visual elements in various artworks.
• Activity 15.2: Create a journal of visual elements observed in surroundings.
• Activity 15.3: Analyze images based on principles of art and design.
• Activity 15.4: Create a symbol or motif that represents oneself using visual principles.